Mathematics Manual for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operators: Wastewater Treatment Oper…

Flow, Velocity, and Pumping Calculations Velocity and Flow Examples Velocity and Flow Practice Problems Pumping Basic Water Hydraulics Calculations Basic Pumping Calculations Positive-Displacement Pumps Preliminary Treatment Calculations Wet Well Capacity and Pumping Rate Screening Grit Removal Screening and Grit Removal Practice Problems Primary Treatment Calculations Process Control Calculations Primary Treatment Practice Problems Trickling Filter Calculations Trickling Filter Process Calculations Trickling Filter Practice Problems Rotating Biological Contactors RBC Process Control Calculations RBC Practice Problems Activated Biosolids Activated Biosolids Process Control Calculations Activated Biosolids Practice Problems Treatment Ponds Treatment Pond Parameters Treatment Pond Process Control Calculations Treatment Pond Practice Problems Chemical Dosage Calculations Chemical Dosing Chemical Dosage Practice Problems Biosolids Production and Pumping Calculations Process Residuals Primary and Secondary Solids Production Calculations Percent Solids Biosolids Pumping Biosolids Production and Pumping Practice Calculations Biosolids Thickening Calculations Thickening Gravity/Dissolved Air Flotation Thickener Calculations Centrifuge Thickening Calculations Biosolids Thickening Practice Problems Biosolids Digestion Biosolids Stabilization Aerobic Digestion Process Control Calculations Anaerobic Digestion Process Control Calculations Biosolids Digestion Practice Problems Biosolids Dewatering and Disposal Biosolids Dewatering Pressure Filtration Calculations Rotary Vacuum Filter Dewatering Calculations Sand Drying Bed Calculations Biosolids Disposal Biosolids to Compost Biosolids Dewatering and Disposal Practice Problems Water/Wastewater Laboratory Calculations The Wastewater Lab Composite Sampling Calculation (Proportioning Factor) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Calculations Moles and Molarity Normality Settleability (Activated Biosolids Solids) Settleable Solids Biosolids Total Solids, Fixed Solids, and Volatile Solids Wastewater Suspended Solids and Volatile Suspended Solids Biosolids Volume Index and Biosolids Density Index Wastewater Treatment Practice Calculations Appendix A. Solutions to Chapter 14 Problems Appendix B. Formulas

Frank R. Spellman, PhD, is a retired assistant professor of environmental health at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, and the author of more than 90 books covering topics ranging from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) to all areas of environmental science and occupational health. He consults on homeland security vulnerability assessments for critical infrastructures, including water/wastewater facilities, and conducts audits for Occupational Safety and Health Administration and Environmental Protection Agency inspections throughout the country. Dr. Spellman lectures on sewage treatment, water treatment, and homeland security, as well as on safety topics, throughout the country and teaches water/wastewater operator short courses at Virginia Tech in Blacksburg.