Ultrasonic visualization techniques offer many advantages in regard to the detection of both benign and malignant pathologies of the soft tissue re gions of the human body. In the past 5 years, there has been a remarkable pro liferation of commercially available ultrasound instrumentation with the consequence that the medical profession has become increasingly aware of the diagnostic advantages, for detection of cancer, of examination by high-frequency sound waves. Yet, despite the fact that the potential of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for breast cancer detection was demonstrated in the United States over 20 years ago and, further, despite the high in cidence of breast cancer in the western world, commercial instrumentation specifically designed for ultrasound scanning of the breast did not evolve in the western world during this same period. The result of this lack of standard clinical instrumentation was that the extensive clinical groundwork normally carried out by large numbers of clinicians in the early stages of applying a new diagnostic tool simply did not occur in the western world for ultrasonic examination of the breast. As indicated by Dr. Toshiji Kobayashi's tables of data in this publica tion, individual research scientists and physicians in many parts of the world, and in particular in Japan, carried out breast visualization studies with a multiplicity of types of ultrasonic instrumentation.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
History of Breast Echography (Table 1). - Ultrasonic Apparatus with Water-Immersion Scanner. - Method of Examination and Scanning Technique. - Differential Diagnostic Criteria for Breast Cancer Proposed by Various Investigators (Table 2). - Diagnostic Accuracy Rates of Ultrasound and Mammography (Tables 3 and 4). - Diagnostic Accuracy Rates Achieved by Various Investigators (Table 5). - Differential Diagnostic Signs (Table 6). - Dependability of Appearance of Differential Diagnostic Signs (Table 7). - Connective Tissue Content and Ultrasonic Attenuation (Tables 8, 9, and 10). - Mass Screening Ultrasonic Apparatus for Early Detection of Breast Cancer. - Manufacturers of Ultrasonic Diagnostic Equipment. - I Bistable Echography. - Schematic Illustration of Differential Criteria. - Demonstration of Typical Echographic Comparison of Differential Criteria. - The Normal Breast. - Benign Diseases Of The Breast. - Mastopathia Chronica (Fibrocystic Disease). - Fibroadenoma. - Benign Cyst. - Large Benign Cyst. - Large Benign Cyst. - Small Benign Cyst. - Cystosarcoma Phylloides (T2). - Chronic Mastitis with Lactation. - Fat Necrosis. - Foreign Body in the Breast. - Malignant Diseases Of The Breast. - Typical Comparison of Benign Cyst and Breast Cancer. - Typical Comparison of Small Fibroadenoma and Early Breast Cancer. - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Scirrhous Carcinoma (T2). - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Advanced (T3). - Scirrhous Carcinoma in Different Sizes. - Papillary Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Papillary Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Papillary Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Papillary Carcinoma in Different Sizes. - Medullary Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Medullary Carcinoma (Tl). - MedullaryCarcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Medullary Carcinoma, Advanced (T3). - Medullary Carcinoma in Different Sizes. - Mucous Carcinoma. - Mucous Carcinoma (T3). - Differentiating among Fibroadenoma, Cystosarcoma Phylloides, and. - Mucous Carcinoma (Table 11). - Differentiating among Papillary Carcinoma, Mucous Carcinoma, and Metastatic (Anaplastic) Carcinoma. - II Gray Scale Echography. - Clinical Significance of Gray Scale Display Technique. - The Normal Breast. - Normal Echograms in Various Ages. - Benign Diseases Of The Breast. - Mastopathy. - Mastopathy. - Mastopathy with Cystic Degeneration. - Mastopathy in Large Breast. - Normal Breast and Benign Cyst. - Benign Cyst (Single Large Cyst). - Double Cysts in the Breast. - Multiple Cysts in the Breast. - Cysts in Bilateral Breasts. - Fibroadenoma. - Cystosarcoma Phylloides. - Echographic Comparison of Mastopathy, Fibroadenoma, Cyst, and Cystosarcoma Phylloides. - Foreign Body in the Breast. - Malignant Diseases Of The Breast. - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Scirrhous Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Scirrhous Carcinoma (T2). - Medullary Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer (Tl). - Medullary Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Medullary Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - Medullary Carcinoma, Medium-Sized (T2). - III Expanded Echography. - Expanded Echography for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis (Table 12). - Expanded Echogram: Benign Cyst. - Expanded Echogram: Small Fibroadenoma 160. - Expanded Echogram: Medullary Carcinoma, Early Breast Cancer.
