A specialist on Albanian Islam, Nathalie Clayer is a Senior Researcher at the Centre for Turkish, Ottoman, Balkan and Central Asian Studies at EHESS, Paris. She is also a historian of religion and nationalism in the Ottoman and post-Ottoman eras. Xavier Bougarel is a researcher at the Centre for Turkish, Ottoman, Balkan and Central Asian Studies at EHESS, Paris. He also specializes in Islam in south-east Europe and the wars in the former Yugoslavia.