Supernovae and Nucleosynthesis

This book investigates the question of how matter has evolved since its origin in the Big Bang, from the cosmological synthesis of hydrogen and helium to the generation of the complex set of nuclei that comprise our world and our selves. A central theme is the evolution of gravitationally contained thermonuclear reactors, otherwise known as stars. Our current understanding is presented systematically and quantitatively, by combining simple analytic models with new state-of-the-art computer simulations.


The narrative begins with the clues (primarily the solar system abundance pattern), the constraining physics (primarily nuclear and particle physics), and the thermonuclear burning in the Big Bang itself. It continues with a step-by-step description of how stars evolve by nuclear reactions, a critical investigation of supernova explosion mechanisms and the formation of neutron stars and of black holes, and an analysis of how such explosions appear to astronomers (illustrated by comparison with recent observations). It concludes with a synthesis of these ideas for galactic evolution, with implications for nucleosynthesis in the first generation of stars and for the solar system abundance pattern. Emphasis is given to questions that remain open, and to active research areas that bridge the disciplines of astronomy, cosmochemistry, physics, and planetary and space science. Extensive references are given.

<TR>List of Figures<TR>List of Tables<TR>Preface<TR>1Introduction1<TR>2Abundances of Nuclei4<TR>3Some Aspects of Nuclear Physics48<TR>4Nuclear Reaction Networks92<TR>5Cosmological Nucleosynthesis118<TR>6Some Properties of Stars146<TR>7Hydrogen-Burning Stars182<TR>8Helium-Burning Stars222<TR>9Explosive Nucleosynthesis249<TR>10Neutrino-Cooled Stars284<TR>11Thermonuclear Explosions324<TR>12Gravitational Collapse381<TR>13Supernovae414<TR>14Galactic Evolution459<TR>App. A Solar System Abundances519<TR>App. B Equations of State532<TR>App. C Stellar Structure548<TR>App. D Supernova Light Curves558<TR>References573<TR>Index595