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É mile Zola was a French novelist, journalist, and playwright, born on April 2, 1840, in Paris. He is renowned as a leading figure in the literary school of naturalism, which emphasized observation and the scientific method in fiction. His extensive body of work includes the twenty-volume series Les Rougon-Macquart, which examines French society during the Second Empire. Beyond his literary achievements, Zola played a pivotal role in the political liberalization of France. He is perhaps best known for his bold intervention in the Dreyfus affair, a political scandal that divided France in the late 19th century. His open letter, "J'Accuse. . . !", published in 1898, accused the French government of antisemitism and wrongful imprisonment of Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish army officer. Zola's outspoken defense of Dreyfus led to his own prosecution and a brief exile in England. His commitment to justice and his influential literary works have left an indelible mark on French culture and society. Zola's legacy continues to be celebrated for both his artistic contributions and his courageous stand against injustice.